长沙地区孕妇CMV感染状况及其临床追踪观察

研究了７７例长沙地区孕、产妇的宫颈排毒（ＣＭＶ）情况及母、婴的免疫状态，并对宫颈排毒及ＣＭＶ一ＩｇＭ阳性的母亲所生小孩进行临床追踪。结果显示：孕妇宫颈排毒率为４．５％，抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＧ和抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率分别为７７％和１３％，５９例脐血ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阴性。宫颈排毒的３例其抗体检测抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＧ均阳性，抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ仅一例阳性。作者认为，对妊娠期活动性ＣＭＶ感染的诊断，仅检测抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＧ和抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ抗体滴度仍不足，尚须结合病毒分离和其它检测手段。     

医学技术的进步与传统医学伦理的矛盾

此文全面论述了先进医学技术给传统医学伦理的医患关系模式、医生义务论、生命认识论、资源分配论等诸多方面带来的巨大冲击,并由此提出先进医学技术发展应遵循的伦理规则。     

胃癌高发区酸煎饼汁真菌菌相,致突变性及亚硝胺含量

Sour corn-soybean cake is the main food of the inhabitants in high incidence area of stomach cancer in Linqu county Shandong province. In the extract of the sour corn-soybean cakes, twelve mycotoxin-producing fungi and 3 N-nitrosamines (NDMA, NDEA, NMEA) were detected and the finding rates of the fungi and the N-nitrosamines were 93.3% and 92.3%, respectively; the concentration of NDMA was 0.4-3.8 ng/ml, NDEA 0.2-8.1 ng/ml, and NMEA 0.3-1.4 ng/ml. The positivity rate of the Ames test (most positive materials were direct mutagens) was 44.12%. The experimental results showed that the extract of the sour corn-soybean cakes containing carcinogenic and mutagenic subjects could have some causal relationship with the incidence of stomach cancer.     

仿冒进口白兰地酒类快速鉴别方法初探

本文通过对南海市查获的仿冒干邑白兰地的检验，发现其pH值、酒精度、甲醇、杂醇油含量与真品的差别具有统计学显著性意义；伪品的蒸馏残留物不同于真品；部分伪品的色泽来自无机染料，为我国食品卫生标准所禁用。     

Intraocular pressure-dependent dynamic changes of optic disc cupping in adult glaucoma patients.

The authors performed a study of intraocular pressure-dependent changes in optic disc cupping in 17 adults with chronic open-angle glaucoma. Analyses with the Rodenstock Optic Nerve Head Analyzer were performed at baseline low intraocular pressure during therapy, after elevation of intraocular pressure (from therapeutic failure or noncompliance), and after reduction of intraocular pressure with successful therapy. Optic disc cupping increased significantly upon short-term increase of intraocular pressure from baseline of 20.4 +/- 2.5 mmHg to 31.1 +/- 5.9 mmHg. Optic disc cupping reverted to baseline after persistent intraocular pressure reduction to 19.3 +/- 4.8 mmHg. These data demonstrate intraocular pressure-dependent dynamic changes of optic disc cupping in patients with demonstrable glaucomatous optic nerve damage. They underscore the detrimental effect of elevated intraocular pressure and the beneficial effect of intraocular pressure reduction on optic disc cup changes.     

尿路感染的实验室诊断进展

尿路感染是临床常见病和多发病,同时也是最常见的医院获得性感染.尿路感染的临床表现多样,症状不典型,白细胞尿和菌尿的检出是其筛检和确诊的重要指标.本文结合尿路感染的发病机制、诊断标准,对尿中白细胞和细菌检验项目和技术的临床意义及应用评价做了简要概述.     

正确认识医务人员的劳动及其价值

按照马克思主义的观点，劳动是创造价值的源泉，不论体力劳动还是脑力劳动，不论简单劳动还是复杂劳动，一切为人类和社会发展做出贡献的劳动，都应该得到承认和尊重，并得到相应的劳动报酬。医务人员的劳动不仅是脑、体相兼的有用劳动，而且是技术性很强的科学劳动。因此，要承认这种科学劳动及其劳动价值，并使报酬充分体现出这种劳动价值。     

异丙酚及氯胺酮靶控输注全静脉麻醉临床应用

目的　研究异丙酚复合不同镇痛剂量氯胺酮靶控输注全静脉麻醉临床应用的可行性及对血流动力学、麻醉恢复的影响。方法　择期手术患者 80例 ,分别采用异丙酚 (P组 ,n =16)及复合氯胺酮血药浓度 0 2 0mg/L(PK1组 ,n =16) ,0 40mg/L(PK2 组 ,n =16) ,0 60mg/L(PK3 组 ,n =16)和 0 80mg/L(PK4组 ,n =16)全静脉麻醉 ,采用微机控制Graseby 3 5 0 0输液泵靶控输注异丙酚或氯胺酮 ,连接Aspect-A10 0 0型脑电监护仪监测脑电变化 ,观察两组患者血流动力学改变及麻醉恢复情况。结果　单用异丙酚患者随着异丙酚血药浓度升高脑电双频指数 (BIS)值降低 ,呈明显负相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,氯胺酮血药浓度从 0 2 0mg/L增至 0 80mg/L ,BIS值无明显变化 (P >0 0 5 )。与P组相比 ,PK1,PK2 ,PK3 ,PK4组异丙酚用量减少约 15 %～ 40 % ,PK4组停药至睁眼时间明显延长 ,其余各组无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 )。术中P ,PK1组收缩压、舒张压升高 ,PK2 ,PK3 ,PK4组无明显改变。术后无躁动、不良回忆等并发症。结论　异丙酚复合镇痛剂量的氯胺酮 (0 40～ 0 60mg/L)靶控输注全静脉麻醉具有血流动力学稳定、减少异丙酚用量、无明显术后并发症等优点。     

2002年广州地区淋球菌对4种抗生素耐药性结果分析

目的了解广州地区2002年淋球菌对抗生素的耐药性及产青霉素酶淋球菌(PPNG)和高水平耐四环素淋球菌(TRNG)的流行状况。方法用琼脂稀释法测定四环素、壮观霉素、头孢三嗪和环丙沙星4种抗生素对100株淋球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)及用纸片碘量法检测β-内酰胺酶。结果100株淋球菌检出PPNG 15株(15%)、TRNG 28株(28%),环丙沙星耐药率高达98%,高度耐药株(MIC≥16 mg/L)32株(32%),未发现对头孢三嗪、壮观霉素的耐药菌株,但头孢三嗪的敏感性有所下降。结论目前广州地区流行的淋球菌菌珠耐药状况仍然严重,尤以环丙沙星为甚,但对壮观霉素和头孢三嗪仍较敏感。此外,有必要持续监测球菌的耐药性。     

Can a leukocyte depletion filter (LDF) reduce the risk of reintroduction of hepatocellular carcinoma cells?

During liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, HCC could theoretically be introduced into the systemic circulation when salvaged blood is used with an autotransfusion device. Several reports have shown that some types of leukocyte depletion filters (LDFs) could completely reduce the risk for reintroducing some types of tumor cells. In this study, we tested the ability of the LDF (RCEZ1T, Pall Biomedical Co, NY, USA) to reduce the risk for reintroducing HCC cells in vitro by using a very sensitive detection method. We divided the test group into 6 groups: group I was 10 cells, group II was 20 cells, group III was 2 x 10(3) cells, group IV was 2 x 10(5) cells, group V was 2 x 10(6) cells, and group VI was 2 x 10(7) cells. The counted cells in 200 mL saline were passed through the RCEZ1T using the force of gravity. To identify the presence of cells, the pellet was resuspended, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a housekeeping gene, was used as a primer. In groups I and II, the HCC cells were completely filtered in all experiments. However, in groups III, IV, and V, the HCC cells were not completely filtered in a few of the repeated experiments, with the unfiltered rate of tumor cells being between 8% and 20%. In group VI, the HCC cells were not completely filtered in all the repeated experiments. In conclusion, the RCEZ1T filter markedly reduced the risk for reintroduction of HCC cells. However, at high HCC cell load the filter cannot completely remove all the tumor cells. Further studies are required to assess the impact in clinical settings.